Insights in Pediatric Cardiology

Single day Pattern of Cases reported to a Busy Paediatric Echocardiography Laboratory of a Tertiary care Hospital in Bangladesh

Aim

To see the pattern of various types of heart diseases in children reported in a single day in a busy pediatric cardiology outpatient and echocardiography department.

Background: Congenital heart disease is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in children. This study was conducted to see the disease pattern in children reported to a busy cardiac center in Bangladesh from across country. This is a single day hospital based observational study. All patients were examined clinically and with chest X-Ray. ECG was done where indicated. Final diagnosis was made using Echocardiography. All data were collected from Echocardiography laboratory at the end of that day. While compiling this report, a pattern was found among patients and since on that particular day, a lot of patients came from different parts of the country, representing the demographic of the whole country, the author decided to publish this experience.

Methods and findings

This was a single day survey of cases reported to a pediatric cardiac outpatient department of a tertiary care hospital in Bangladesh. All patients with suspected or confirmed congenital heart diseases were included in this study.

Out of 66 patients, 69.70% were male and 30.31% were female. Twenty five (41.66%) cases were in one month to one year age group, 21 (35%) in more than one year age group, 13 (21.66%) in more than 5 years age group, and seven (11.66%) in less than one month age group. Atrial septal defect (ASD) was seen in 10 (15.16%) cases, ventricular septal defect (VSD) in nine (13.36%) cases, patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) in eight (12.13%) cases, Tetralogy of Fallot in 3.03% cases. Down syndrome was present in two (3.03%) cases, congenital rubella syndrome and Cruzon syndrome in one (1.51%) case. The most common intervention was the device closure of PDA (7.57%) and VSD closure and PDA ligation were the most common surgical procedure. Most of the cases (43.93%) were kept in follow up, surgery was advised for nine (13.63%) cases and catheter intervention was advised for eight (12.13%) cases. Eight (12.13%) cases were discharged from follow up as they cured spontaneously.

Conclusion

Pattern of disease seen in a single day survey in a busy outpatient clinic showed similar pattern of other long-term studies. Most of the patients were kept in follow up as spontaneous cure may be achieved in some cases after follow-up.

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Author(s):

Nurun NaharFatema

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